Analyzing the Dimensions of Alavi’s Transcendental Leadership Model’s Based on Nahj ol-Balaghah: Development of Transformational Leadership Theory with Islamic Management Approach

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Corresponding Author: MA Student, Department of Islamic Studies and Business Management, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Business Administration, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran.

3 MA Student, Department Business Management, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Transformational leadership is a style of leadership in which the leader and followers strive to contribute to the success of the organization by encouraging and inspiring to transcendental levels. The teachings of Islam as a set include various dimensions of Donyavi and Okhravi success of human beings, including attention to the subject of Supervision, leadership and interpersonal relationships. The leading article has sought to provide a model of transcendent leadership by examining the speeches of the Amir al-Mo'menin (as) as the perfect man pattern and inspired by the transformational model. In order to achieve the components of the Transcendental Leadership model, the text of the Nahj al-Balaghah is analyzed by the method of content analysis. The result of its classification in Maxqda2020 software was 819 primary codes, 186 basic themes, 27 organizing themes and 6 global themes. The results indicate that the Transcendental Leadership model based on the personality of Amir al-Mo'menin (as) includes six main dimensions: strategic leadership, interpersonal empowerment, cognitive empowerment, strengthening strategic foresight, development of growth infrastructure and support in individual development. Generally, Alavi’s transcendental leadership not only can be a suitable and Islamic alternative to transformational leadership, but also it can be introduced to the world as a complete and perfect model; Because the criticisms of the transformational leadership style, such as the abuse of power and the lack of attention to ethics, are no longer relevant in the Alavi’s transcendental leadership model’s.

Keywords

References

نهج‌البلاغه. ترجمه محمد دشتی. (1380). قم: انتشارات مؤسسه فرهنگی تحقیقاتی امیرالمؤمنین (ع).
اسکندری، مجتبی. (1393). «تحلیل و نقدی بر نظریه رهبری تحول‌آفرین». دوفصلنامه علمی - تخصصی اسلام و مدیریت، س 3، ش 5: 123-145.
اسکندری، مجتبی و دیگران. (1393). «سبک رهبری فرماندهان نظامی از دیدگاه امیرالمؤمنین حضرت علی (علیه‌السلام) در نهج‌البلاغه». فصلنامه مدیریت اسلامی، 22 (1): 9-40.
تاجمیر ریاحی، جواد و دیگران. (1398). «طراحی الگوی رهبری سازمانی با استفاده از آموزه‌های نهج‌البلاغه». مجله علمی مدیریت فرهنگ سازمانی: 34-254 .
خنیفر، حسین و مسلمی، ناهید. (1398). اصول و مبانی روش‌های پژوهش کیفی. تهران: انتشارات نگاه دانش.
خواستار، حمزه. (1388). «ارائه‌ی روشی برای محاسبه‌ی پایایی مرحله‌ی کدگذاری در مصاحبه‌های پژوهشی». فصلنامه علمی - پژوهشی روش‌شناسی علوم‌انسانی، دوره 15، ش 58: 161-174.
دانایی‌فرد، حسن و مؤمنی، نونا. (1387). «تئوری رهبری اثربخش از دیدگاه امام علی (علیه‌السلام) استراتژی تئوری داده‌بنیاد متنی». مطالعات انقلاب اسلامی، 4 (14): 75-110.
سنجقی، محمدابراهیم. (1380). «تحلیلی بر ماهیت و ابعاد نظریه رهبری تحول‌آفرین». فصلنامه علمی - پژوهشی علوم‌انسانی دانشگاه الزهرا، ش 37 و 38: 81-312.
سنجقی، محمدابراهیم و دیگران. (1393). «شناخت ابعاد و عوامل رهبری تحول‌آفرین بر اساس سخنان امام خامنه‌ای (مدظله‌العالی)». دوفصلنامه علمی - پژوهشی مدیریت اسلامی. س 22، ش 1: 107-121.
عزیزآبادی، ابوالفضل و دیگران. (1395). «مدخلی بر ویژگی‌های رهبری اخلاقی در نهج‌البلاغه». فصلنامه مدیریت اسلامی: 11-42.
مقیمی، سید محمد. (1399). اصول و مبانی مدیریت از دیدگاه اسلام. تهران: انتشارات راه‌دان.
موغلی، علیرضا. (1382). «طراحی الگوی رهبری تحول‌آفرین در سازمان‌های اداری ایران». فصلنامه دانش مدیریت. د 16، ش 2: 77-100.
منابع انگلیسی
Afsar, B., F. Badir, Y., & Bin Saeed, B. (2014). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 114(8), 1270–1300.
Al-Ghazali, B. M. (2020). Transformational leadership, career adaptability, job embeddedness and perceived career success: a serial mediation model. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 41(8), 993–1013.
Antonakis, J., Avolio, B. J., & Sivasubramaniam, N. (2003). Context and leadership: an examination of the nine-factor full-range leadership theory using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(3), 261–295.
Attride-Stirling, J. (2001). Thematic networks: an analytic tool for qualitative research. Qualitative Research, 1(3), 385–405.
Avolio, B. J., Bass, B. M., & Jung, D. I. (1999). Re-examining the components of transformational and transactional leadership using the Multifactor Leadership. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 72(4), 441–462.
Avolio, B. J., ZHU, W., Koh, W., & Bhatia, P. (2004). Transformational leadership and organizational commitment: mediating role of psychological empowerment and moderating role of structural distance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(8), 951–968.
Bass (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations.New York: Free Press.
Bass (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership: Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Bass, B. M. (1990). From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, 18(3), 19–31.
Bass, B. M., & Steidlmeier, P. (1999). Ethics, character, and authentic transformational leadership behavior. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(2), 181–217.
Beugré, C. D., Acar, W., & Braun, W. (2006). Transformational leadership in organizations: an environment‐induced model. International Journal of Manpower, 27(1), 52–62.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership (1st ed.). New York: Harper & Row.
Carless, S. A., Wearing, A. J., & Mann, L. (2000). A Short Measure of Transformational Leadership. Journal of Business and Psychology, 14(3), 389–405.
Eisenbach, R., Watson, K., & Pillai, R. (1999). Transformational leadership in the context of organizational change. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12(2), 80–89.
Fernandes, A. A. R., & Fresly, J. (2017). Modeling of role of public leader, open government information and public service performance in Indonesia. Journal of Management Development, 36(9), 1160–1169.
Hai, S., Wu, K., Park, I.-J., Li, Y., Chang, Q., & Tang, Y. (2020). The role of perceived high-performance HR practices and transformational leadership on employee engagement and citizenship behaviors. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 35(6), 513–526.
Huan Zhang, Ziyu Liu, & Yean Wang (2020). How transformational leadership positively impacts organizational citizenship behavior in successful Chinese social work service organizations. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 30(3), 467–485.
Kuhnert, K. W., & Lewis, P. (1987). Transactional and Transformational Leadership: A Constructive/Developmental Analysis. Academy of Management Review, 12(4), 648–657.
Manoppo, V. P. (2020). Transformational leadership as a factor that decreases turnover intention: a mediation of work stress and organizational citizenship behavior. The TQM Journal, 32(6), 1395–1412.
Mayr, M. L. (2017). Transformational Leadership and Volunteer Firefighter Engagement. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 28(2), 259–270.
Podsakoff, Philip M.; MacKenzie, Scott B.; Bommer, William H. (1996): Transformational Leader Behaviors and Substitutes for Leadership as Determinants of Employee Satisfaction, Commitment, Trust, and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. In Journal of Management 22 (2), pp. 259–298.
Puni, A., Hilton, S. K., & Quao, B. (2021). The interaction effect of transactional-transformational leadership on employee commitment in a developing country. Management Research Review, 44(3), 399–417.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. (2017). Organizational behavior. Harlow: Pearson.
Siangchokyoo, N., Klinger, R. L., & Campion, E. D. (2020). Follower transformation as the linchpin of transformational leadership theory: A systematic review and future research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 31(1), 101341.
Schermerhorn, J., & Osborn, R. (2015). Organizational Behavior, 13th Edition (13th edition): John Wiley & Sons.
Xenikou, A., & Simosi, M. (2006). Organizational culture and transformational leadership as predictors of business unit performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(6), 566–579.
Yammarino, F. J., & Bass, B. M. (1990). Transformational Leadership and Multiple Levels of Analysis. Human Relations, 43(10), 975–995.
Yasin Ghadi, M., Fernando, M., & Caputi, P. (2013). Transformational leadership and work engagement. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 34(6), 532–550.
Scientific Journal of Islamic Management
Volume 30, Issue 2
Summer Quarterly
September 2022
Pages 63-103

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 23 August 2021
  • Revise Date: 07 July 2022
  • Accept Date: 24 September 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics